自考《英语（一）》复习要点（五）

Learn new words and phrases

1. weaken: v 削弱、减弱，字根：weak: a 虚弱的

构词形式：adj/n + en或en + adj/n = v

Shorten, enlarge, enable, enrich, loosen, tighten etc.

2. nationwide: a 全国范围的，通过该词我们可以得到：worldwide:全世界范围的，regionwide, etc.

3.legal: a 合法的，反义词：illegal,不合法的;legalize: v 使…合法化。

The Netherlands became the first country to legalize euthanasia.

4. ensure: v 确保、担保，常见用法如下：

1). The police can ensure the witness from danger.

2). We can ensure that the work will be done in the right way.

5. oppose: v 反对、对抗;名词：opposition , 形容词：opposed

1). What he said was totally opposed to the facts.

2). Many people oppose building a new highway because of the great cost.

6. tradition: n 传统，由此可以联想到：

traditional: a; traditionally: ad; 反义词为：modern

1). _____ Chinese medicine is believed to be effective for many diseases.

2). It's important to keep up the fine ____ of plain living and hard work.

3). Christmas is ____ a holiday for a family to get together.

Answers: Traditional, tradition, traditionally

7. consideration: n 考虑、体谅、照顾，由此可以联想到：

Consider: v 考虑;considerate: a 体谅的，be considerate of; considerable: a 相当多的。请练习一下：

1). Losing 30 pounds changed her appearance _____.

2). It is very ____ of you to send me a birthday card.

3). The matter is receiving the serious ____ of the manager.

4). He left behind him a ____ amount of debt.

Answers: considerably, considerate, consideration, considerable

8. disabled: a 残疾的，伤残的，由此可以联想到：

able: a 有能力的;be able to do sth; unable: a 没有能力的;enable: v 使人能够enable sb to do sth; ability: n 能力;disable: v 使人残疾

1). As long as they are physically ____, they tend to live on their own.

2). The _____ to be clearly heard is extremely important for any speaker.

3). I'd like to go to the cinema, but I'm _____ to.

4). Education should ____ every student to develop morally, intellectually and physically.

5). A car accident ____ him from playing football.

6). Special care should be given to the ______.

Answers: able, ability, unable, enable, disabled(v), disabled(a)

9. prohibition: n 禁止、禁令，prohibit: v prohibit sb from doing sth;

10. sensitive: a 敏感的， be sensitive to sb/sth; 同根词：sensible: a 明智的，be sensible of sth

1). I am sensitive to your criticism.

2). It's sensible of you to make such a decision.

Analyze the important sentences among the text

1. Affected with a serious disease, Van Wendel was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating. (p2)

译：因患有严重的疾病，Van Wendel再也不能清楚地讲话了，他知道他已经没有康复的可能，其病情正在迅速恶化。

句子分析：Affected with a serious disease是过去分词短语做原因状语，可以改写成原因状语从句：because he was affected with a serious disease, ….另外，there was no hope of recovery和that his condition was rapidly deteriorating都是动词knew的宾语。词组：be affected with sth患有…疾病。如：

All the cows in the farm are affected with mad-cow disease.

hope of recovery:康复的希望。

2. Van Wendel's last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and showed on TV last year in the Netherlands. (p3)

译：Van Wendel在他的医生给她进行最后结束生命的那一阵之前的后三个月的生活被拍成了电影并于去年在荷兰的电视上首次播映。

句子分析：该句的主语较长，were之前均是。其中，核心名词Van Wendel's last three months of life，后面的before being given a final, lethal injection by his doctor是动名词的被动语态做定语。film这里当动词用，拍电影。

3. The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on the subject. (p3)

译：这个节目此后被二十个国家所购买。每次放映，都引起一场关于这个主题的全国性的大讨论。
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